Opera Mini
|
Opera Mini 7.5 for Android displaying its start page.
|
Developer(s) |
Opera Software |
Initial release |
August 10, 2005; 8 years ago |
Stable release |
Android:
7.5.1 (January 10, 2013; 13 months ago) [±]
iOS:
7.0.5 (October 24, 2012; 15 months ago) [±]
BlackBerry:
7.1 (November 20, 2012; 14 months ago) [±]
Symbian:
7.1 (January 25, 2013; 12 months ago) [±]
J2ME:
7.1 (November 20, 2012; 14 months ago) [±] |
Development status |
Active |
Written in |
C++, Java, Pike[1] |
Platform |
Java ME, Android, Bada, Windows Mobile, iOS, BlackBerry OS, Symbian-UIQ3, Zeebo |
Available in |
Various[2] |
Type |
Mobile browser |
License |
Proprietary, freeware |
Website |
www.opera.com/mobile/download/ |
Opera Mini is a
web browser designed primarily for
mobile phones,
smartphones and
personal digital assistants. Until version 4 it used the
Java ME
platform, requiring the mobile device to run Java ME applications. From
version 5 it is also available as a native application for
Android,
bada,
iOS,
Symbian OS, and
Windows Mobile.
Opera Mini is offered free of charge, supported mainly through deals
with mobile operators to have Opera Mini pre-installed in phones,
[3] and other sources of revenue such as search advertising deals, licensing
[4] and paid bookmarks and Speed Dial placement.
[5]
Opera Mini was derived from the
Opera web browser for
personal computers, which has been publicly available since 1996. Opera Mini began as a pilot project in 2004. After limited releases in
Europe, it was officially launched worldwide on January 24, 2007.
Opera Mini requests
web pages through
Opera Software's
servers, which process and compress them before sending them to the
mobile phone, speeding up transfer by two to three times and
dramatically reducing the amount of data transferred, chargeable on many
mobile phone data plans. The pre-processing increases compatibility with web pages not designed for mobile phones.
In March 2012, it was reported that Opera Mini had 168.8 million users.
[6]
In February 2013, Opera reported 300 million unique Opera Mini active
users and 150 billion page views served during that month. This
represented an increase of 25 million from September 2012. In January
Opera announced that it is working on a new browser dubbed Opera "ICE".
History
Opera Mini was derived from the
Opera web browser for
personal computers, which has been publicly available since 1996.
[7] Opera Mini was originally intended for use on mobile phones not capable of running a conventional Web browser.
[8] It was introduced on August 10, 2005 as a pilot project in cooperation with the Norwegian television station
TV 2,
[9] and only available to TV 2 customers.
A
beta version was made available in
Sweden,
Denmark,
Norway, and
Finland on October 20, 2005.
[10] After the final version was launched in
Germany on November 10, 2005,
[11]
and quietly released to all countries through the Opera Mini website in
December, the browser was officially launched worldwide on January 24,
2006.
[12]
On May 3, 2006, Opera Mini 2.0 was released. It included new features such as the ability to download files, new custom
skins, more search engine options on the built-in search bar, a
speed dial option, new search engines, and improved navigation.
[13]
On November 1, 2006, Opera Mini 3 beta introduced secure browsing,
RSS feeds, photo uploading and content folding into its list of features and capabilities.
[14]
Content folding works by folding long lists such as navigation bars
into a single line that can be expanded as needed. A second beta was
released on November 22,
[15] and on November 28, the final version of Opera Mini 3 was released.
[16]
On November 7, 2007 Opera Mini 4 was released. According to Johan
Schön, technical lead of Opera Mini development, the entire code was
rewritten.
[17]
Opera Mini 4 includes the ability to view web pages similarly to a
desktop based browser by introducing Overview and Zoom functions, and a
landscape view setting. In Overview mode, the user can scroll a
zoomed-out version of certain web pages.
[18] Using a built-in
pointer,
the user can zoom into a portion of the page to provide a clearer view;
this is similar to the functionality of Opera's Nintendo-based web
browsers. This version also includes the ability to synchronise with
Opera on a personal computer.
[19][20]
Prior to Opera Mini 4, the browser was offered in two editions: Opera Mini Advanced for high-memory
MIDP 2 phones, and Opera Mini Basic for low-memory MIDP 1 phones.
[21] Opera Mini 4 replaced Opera Mini Advanced.
[22] The older Opera Mini 3 Basic was still available for low-memory phones as of 2012.
[23]
Originally,
Google was the default
search engine on Opera Mini.
[24] On January 8, 2007,
Opera Software and
Yahoo! announced a partnership to make Yahoo! search the default instead.
[25] On February 27, 2008,
Opera Software announced that Google would henceforth be the default search engine for Opera Mini and
Opera Mobile.
It was reported in the
New York Times on October 27, 2008 that an
iPhone client had been developed.
[26] Opera submitted the App to the
App Store on March 23, 2010, and it was approved on April 13, 2010.
[27][28]
A version for the
Android operating system was announced on April 10, 2008. Rather than port the code to Android, a
wrapper was created to translate Java ME API calls to Android API calls.
[29]
On August 16, 2009, Opera Software released Opera Mini 5.0 beta,
which included tabbed browsing, a password manager, improved touch
screen support, and a new interface, with a visual Speed Dial similar to
the one introduced by Opera Software in their desktop browser.
[30]
The browser's use of compression and encrypted proxy-based technology
to reduce traffic and speed page display has the side effect of
allowing it to circumvent several approaches to
Internet censorship.
Since November 20, 2009, there have been reports from Chinese users
that when they use Opera Mini, they are redirected to an error page
leading them to download Opera Mini China Version. This is almost
certainly due to the Chinese government being concerned that users are
using Opera Mini to bypass the
Great Firewall in China. Opera agreed to route all of their traffic through government servers.
[31][32]
2009–2010: A press release announcing that Indonesia's Smart Telecom
had chosen Opera Mini for their devices said that Opera Mini was the
world's most popular mobile browser, and that Russia and Indonesia were
the largest users.
[33]
Functionality
Unlike straightforward
web browsers, Opera Mini fetches all content through a
proxy server and reformats web pages into a format more suitable for small screens.
[34] A page is
compressed, then delivered to the phone in a
markup language called OBML (Opera Binary Markup Language), which Opera Mini can
interpret.
[35] The data compression makes transfer time about two to three times faster,
[18] and the pre-processing improves the display of web pages not designed for small screens.
[36]
When a user browses the web using Opera Mini, the request is sent via the
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) to one of the
Opera Software
company's proxy servers, which retrieves the web page, processes and
compresses it, and sends it back to the client (user's mobile phone).
By default, Opera Mini opens one connection to the proxy servers,
which it keeps open and re-uses as required. This improves transfer
speed and enables the servers to quickly synchronize changes to
bookmarks stored in
Opera Link.
[37][38]
The
Opera Software company maintains over 100 proxy servers to handle Opera Mini traffic. They run
Linux and "are massively parallel and massively
redundant."
[39]
Small-Screen Rendering
For devices with screens 128
pixels
wide or smaller, the default rendering mode is Small-Screen Rendering
(SSR). In this mode, the page is reformatted into a single vertical
column so that it need only be scrolled vertically.
[18]
Long lists and navigation bars are automatically collapsed (hiding most
of the list or bar) by a feature known as "content folding". A plus (+)
sign is displayed next to the collapsed content; when clicked, it
toggles content folding.
[40]
Web developers can turn on SSR on the desktop edition of Opera to see
how their websites will be displayed on mobile editions of Opera.
[41]
In SSR mode images are scaled down to no more than 70% of the screen size in either direction.
[42]
Complex script rendering
Opera Mini can send content in bitmap image form if a font required is not available on the device, which is useful for
indic scripts.
Hindi and a few other non-Latin character sets are supported.
JavaScript support
When browsing the Web with Opera Mini,
JavaScript is
processed by the proxy server, and is merely
rendered on the device. This limits
interactivity.
Scripts cannot be run in the background on the device. If a script is
paused (on the server), the browser must communicate with the server to
unpause it. JavaScript will only run for a couple of seconds on the Mini
server before pausing, due to resource constraints.
[43]
According to the documentation for Opera Mini 4, before the page is sent to the mobile device, its
onLoad
events are fired and all scripts are allowed a maximum of two seconds to execute. The
setInterval
and
setTimeout
functions are disabled, so scripts designed to wait a certain amount of time before executing will not execute at all.
[44]
After the scripts have finished or the timeout is reached, all scripts
are stopped and the page is compressed and sent to the mobile device.
Once on the device, only a handful of events are allowed to trigger
scripts:
[44]
onUnload
: Fires when the user navigates away from a page[45]
onSubmit
: Fires when a form is submitted[45]
onChange
: Fires when the value of an input control is changed[45]
onClick
: Fires when an element is clicked[45]
When one of these events is triggered, Opera Mini sends a request to
the proxy server to process the event. The proxy server then executes
the JavaScript and returns the revised page to the mobile device.
[44]
Pop-ups, if not blocked by the JavaScript restrictions, replace the web page being viewed.
[46]
Opera has published Web content authoring guidelines to assist authors.
[47]
Features
Scrolling is carried out by using the device's arrow keys, its number keys, or a
stylus.
[18][48]
Opera Mini may be set to landscape mode, where it will rotate the
page 90 degrees. This is useful for screens that are significantly
taller than they are wide. However, this feature was not available as of
2012 on
BlackBerrys without a gyroscope and some other devices.
[18]
The image quality may be set to "Low", "Medium", or "High".
[49] Page load times are affected by the chosen image quality setting.
[50]
Opera Mini supports only one font,
[42] which can be set to "Small", "Medium", "Large", or "Extra large" size.
[49] If a web page uses
Courier or a generic
monospaced font, the one font is still used, but the characters are spaced out so that each character takes up the same amount of space.
[42]
Browsing tools
Opera Mini has a search bar capable of using several pre-configured search engines;
[51] the user can add more search engines.
[49] The default search engines are
Google and
Wikipedia.
Opera Mini supports
shortcut keys,
[52] skins,
[53] and a
web feed aggregator.
[54] It can save
bookmarks,
[55] download files,
[56] save web pages for offline reading, and it remembers the user's browsing history.
[57]
Since the launch of
Opera Mobile Store in March 2011
[58] Speed Dial of Opera Mini displays a shortcut to Opera's own
mobile applications store.
Privacy and security
Opera Mini, since 3.0 Advanced,
encrypts
the connection between the mobile device and the proxy server for
privacy and security. The encryption key is obtained on the first start
by requesting that the user press random keys a certain number of times.
[59] Opera Mini 3.0 Basic does not support encryption. Opera Mini has been criticised because it does not offer true,
end-to-end security when visiting encrypted sites such as
paypal.com:
[60]
when visiting an encrypted web page, the Opera Software company's
servers decrypt the page, then re-encrypt it themselves, breaking
end-to-end security.
[61]
This reduces security, and is relevant to applications such as Internet banking.
Standards support
As of version 4, Opera Mini uses the same
layout engine that is included in
Opera 9.5.
[62] Consequently Opera Mini supports most of the
web standards supported in Opera 9.5. However, unlike the desktop edition of Opera, Opera Mini includes no support for Web Forms 2.0. Also,
frames
are flattened because of client limitations, and dotted and dashed
borders are displayed as solid borders due to bandwidth and memory
issues.
[42] As Opera Mini reformats web pages, it does not pass the
Acid2 standards compliance test.
[63][64]
Opera Mini supports
bi-directional text, meaning that it can correctly display right-to-left scripts such as
Arabic and
Hebrew in addition to languages written left-to-right. However, it will not display right-to-left text if the font size is set to
small or
very small.
[17] Indic and
Chinese scripts
are supported only if an appropriate font is installed on the device as
the default system font. Opera Mini does not display text in
italic or other formatting besides
boldface.
Low-memory device support
For
MIDP 1, low-
memory devices, the older Opera Mini 3 Basic is still available.
[23] Its features include an option to increase the text size, as the default text size is too small for some web sites.
[65] Opera Mini 3 Basic uses less advanced compression, does not support
full page view, does not include support for
favicons, does not scroll as smoothly, does not feature a built-in clock, and does not support encryption.
[21] When browsing an encrypted web page with Opera Mini 3 Basic, the page is decrypted before being sent to the mobile phone.
[61]
-
Opera Mini 3 Basic using the default, "medium" font size
-
Opera Mini 3 Basic using the "large" font size
Opera Link
Bookmarks, Speed Dials, and search engines can be backed-up to My
Opera, and kept synchronized between different phones or with the Opera
browser on computers, using the
Opera Link service.
[18]
Data centers
Total data consumed by Opera Mini users worldwide from 2006 to mid-2008 in TB
Opera Mini relies on data centers processing the Web page before sending it back to the phone in a compressed binary form.
Market adoption
The overall share of the Opera family in the
mobile Web browser market was about 26.92% in October 2009.
[68] Figures for Opera Mini within this were not available. Most of users come from
India,
Indonesia,
Russia,
China and
Brazil.
[69]
Network operators
Several mobile network companies pre-install Opera Mini on their mobile phones, including
AT&T,
Vodafone,
T-Mobile,
KDDI,
Omnitel,
Pannon GSM,
Telefónica Móviles de España,
TMN,
Airtel, and
Tata DoCoMo.
Devices
The following devices came pre-installed with Opera Mini as of August 2007. Some listed devices only included Opera Mini when bought from certain network operators.
[70]
- Motorola V980, E2, L7, i1[71]
- Nokia Nokia Asha series, 2610, 2700 classic, 2730 classic, 3110 classic, 3120 classic, 3500 classic, 3600, 3600 slide, 3710 fold, 3720 classic, 5000, 5070, 5130, 5230, 5310, 5500 Sport, 5610, 6080, 6085, 6103, 6131, 6233, 6288, 6300,[72] 6303 classic, 6600 slide, 7373, 8800 Arte, Nokia C3, E65, N71, N73, and N95
- Sony Ericsson K310i, K530i, K550, W200i, W205, W760i, W910i, Z530i, Z550i, Z780i
- Samsung X160, E570, E420, F480, X510, X650, E900, E250, U700, ZV60, D900i
- LG K880, KU250, KE970, and KU311
- SAGEM My411x and P9521
- BenQ-Siemens EL71 and EF81
- BenQ E71 fight
- Orange Rio (ZTE-G X991)
Distribution partners
The following
Internet service providers,
web portals, and other companies distribute Opera Mini to their customers:
[70]
Critical reception
Reaction to Opera Mini has been largely favourable.
[89][90][91][92][93] Opera Mini competed against its sister product,
Opera Mobile, for the 2007
Smartphone and PocketPC Magazine award for the "best
mobile browser
for both Windows-based Pocket PC and Smartphones" award. Opera Mobile
is a more powerful web browser that runs directly, not through a proxy,
on
smartphones and
personal digital assistants. Opera Mini lost the award to Opera Mobile because at the time Opera Mobile supported
Flash and
tabbed browsing while Opera Mini did not.
[94]
Awards
- Laptop Magazine Editors' Choice Award[95][96]
- Sony Ericsson Content Award for "Productive Mobility" 2007[97]
- Getjar "Mobile Application of the Year Award" 2007[98]
- Mobile Gala "Best program for mobile phones" 2005 and 2006[99]
- CHIP.de Digital Lifestyle Award 2006[99][100]
- NDTV Gadget Guru Awards 2010, Best application of the Year[101]
As of late March, Opera Mini has had a text issue which has affected
many people using Samsung's Bada operating system. The company has had
nothing to say on the issue.
See also
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- Jump up ^ "Editor's review of Opera Mini". Download.com. Retrieved 2007-12-24.
- Jump up ^ Park, Will (2007-11-28). "Opera Mobile named 'Best Windows Mobile Browser". IntoMobile. Retrieved 2007-12-24.
- Jump up ^ "Opera Mini wins Laptop Editors' Choice Award". Opera Software. 2006-05-09. Retrieved 2008-01-09.
- Jump up ^ "Opera Mini Mobile Download of the Month". Laptop Magazine. 2006-05-09. Retrieved 2008-01-09.
- Jump up ^ "Sony Ericsson names Opera Mini best productivity app" (Press release). Opera Software. 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2007-12-23.
- Jump up ^ "GetJar presents annual 'Mobile Application of the Year Award' to the Opera Mini Web browser" (Press release). Opera Software. 2007-12-10. Retrieved 2008-01-02.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Reviews and Awards". Opera Software. Archived from the original on 2007-10-10. Retrieved 2007-10-13.
- Jump up ^ "Digital Lifestyle Award 2006: Die Preisträger Mobile Software + Dienste [German]". CHIP. 2005-09-01. Retrieved 2008-01-09.
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